According to the International Technology Roadmap for Photovoltaic (ITRPV), in 2018 the share of glass-glass modules was only 5% and is expected to just double by 2020.
Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) fall into the thin-film category of manufacturing, and typically operate around the 12% efficiency range which is lower than the 12–21% typically seen by silicon-based PVs.
In addition, the O&M phase is the longest in the lifecycle of a PV project, as it typically lasts 20–35 years. As such, ensuring the quality of O&M services is essential to mitigate potential risks.